One of the most amazing parts about exploring the city and the surrounding UK is all the preserved buildings right beside modern ones. I have the most fun walking around and trying to date the buildings based off of architecture alone. Some of the photos features medieval era buildings preserved right beside buildings created during the 19th century! Visiting the UK and having free rein to visit as many historical sites as I possibly could felt overwhelming and yet was one of the most rewarding, life changing and memorable experiences of my life that I will never forget.
Although there are definitely places I was not able to see during my 3 months in the UK, I hope to return so I can continue visiting and documenting my trips to various medieval sites! However I think having places I would be happy to return to or even visit for the first time makes the experience more special, as I now have something to look forward to for my next trip to the UK. Study abroad was something I looked forward to for months, and my trip to the UK was something I had dreamed about since I was a child. Finally being able to see all the places I have read and learned about over the years was priceless, and I feel so grateful that I was able to see some in real life. Below are some images and descriptions of some of the main sites I was able to cross off my bucket list, and some I came across by chance. The UK is a truly beautiful and memorable country for stumbling across various medieval ruins and other historical monuments! I was amazed at the living history surrounding me at all times, no matter where I ventured to. It reminded me of how connected we are, even over centuries. Even just walking around central London on a weekday morning revealed so many unprecedented historical sights. Truly a humbling, life changing trip!
Visiting the Tower of London has been my number one bucket list item since I was a child. It was surreal seeing it in person for the first time and even after spending almost four hours there I still felt like I could have spent another twelve. It didn't fully sink in that I was actually standing there until the end of my tour. There are truly so many sights to take in from the ravens, to the wire animals and the wall carvings and Henry VIII's armor. Visiting the tower was probably one of the most memorable experiences of my life! I arrived around 10 AM and walked around visiting each landmark inside the tower until 1:30 PM! The White Tower was my favorite part of the trip by far, however there was no shortage of captivating sites at the Tower of London. I also really enjoyed visiting the tower mint and seeing the wire animals! True to the legend, the Tower does still retain crows on site!
In order to prepare for your visit if you ever plan on visiting the Tower of London, I highly recommend watching the documentary episode "The Tower of London", part of Dan Jones' "Great British Castles" documentary series on Netflix. Although I have seen all of the episodes, it was essential that I brushed up on my knowledge before I visited the tower myself. I felt like I got the most out of my trip because of my background knowledge, so I recommend that everyone watch the episode before visiting.
The oldest structure at the Tower of London, built by the Normans after the conquest!
The proposed site of Anne Boleyn's beheading. I was able to climb to her window in the building next to it to see what she might have saw the day of her execution.
Wall carvings made by prisoners of the Tower of London during the 1500's. This was one of the most incredible artifacts I saw when touring the tower!
The residences of the wardens who live at the Tower of London. This was my dream job when I was a child!
This chapel had extremely detailed stained glass windows and Norman-era ceilings. This was my favorite room in the entire tower!
One of the gates from the Thames that entered the Tower of London. Amazing to imagine who would have passed through them and entered the tower!
I was in absolute awe of the beauty of Westminster Abbey when I first walked up to it. I arrived when it was first opening at 9 AM and so I was able to observe it in peace without having to wait in line or fight through crowds. Although the weather was on the gloomy side, the abbey was the most jaw dropping, awe inspiring piece of architecture I came across during my time in the UK. One of my biggest bucket list items for my trip was touring Westminster Abbey due to its long history of being the location where English monarchs have been crowned and buried since the Norman conquest, including Queen Elizabeth I, Anne of Cleves, Mary Queen of Scots, and Henry III. For a medieval English history lover, this trip to the abbey was life changing! The Abbey gives a free audio tour for visitors, so I highly recommend participating while you walk through! It is helpful to have a supplemental background on the historical significance of some individuals because the audio tour is not comphrensive. I also recommend getting there right when they open to the public and buying a ticket in advance, otherwise it can be extremely crowded inside and difficult to fully take in.
This part of the Abbey featured the most amazing vaulted ceilings I have ever seen. It was almost surreal walking into the abbey for the first time and seeing what medieval English monarchs must have seen when entering the church for their coronation.
Wall Paintings of Inner Chapel
Inner Chapel of Westminster Abbey
The sight I was most excited to view at Westminster Abbey besides the tombs of some of Britain's most revered monarchs was the wooden Coronation Chair. The chair has been used to crown England's kings and queens beginning with Edward III and is still used today! I was absolutely in awe as I imagined how many lines of kings and queens have sat on it and ruled England. It was definitely the memorable, as it was the last relic I viewed in Westminster Abbey before exiting.
I passed by Temple Church while walking through central London on a chilly weekday afternoon. This was one of the historical sites I had not put on my list and instead stumbled upon while exploring the city. Although it was not on my bucket list, the church's well preserved Norman doorway made me want to step inside. As I toured the interior, I was shocked at how deep the history of the church was and how I managed to stumble upon it even though it was not on my bucket list. Temple Church was first established by the Knights Templar and served as one of their primary meeting spots in England. As such, the church retained many effigies of Knights Templar members and other prominent individuals, which I found to be extremely interesting to examine.
I visited this church around 11 AM on a weekday and as such it was not crowded at all and extremely peaceful on the inside. There was a small fee at the door for visitors to donate to the church, but it was well worth it due to the extensive artifacts and effigies on the inside.
Characteristic Norman Doorway with engravings along the outside which were made to resemble the beaks of birds. The door suffered damage during a failed restoration in the Victorian period.
The domed interior of the church was apparently modeled after churches in Jerusalem that were visited by the Knights Templar during the Crusades!
Located in the center of London within walking distance to the Tower of London, All Hallows had a surprisingly informative and extremely detailed museum of relics underneath its floor. Due to its proximity to the Tower of London, I anticipated for it to be crowded, but it was surprisingly empty on the inside, giving me plenty of space to explore the basement area where a small museum with lots of artifacts was located. Parts of the medieval walls have been preserved, as well as wall engravings and the exterior of a Norman doorway and even original Roman tiled floors. Many of the artifacts featured in All Hallows were unearthed after bombings in World War II, and I was surprised at how much the church was able to preserve. They also had a chamber that the Knights Templar used to pray in! This was an extremely moving experience and I felt even more grateful to be able to explore it after visiting Temple Church, another site of the Knights Templar.
Entry to this church was free, and I visited around noon on a weekday while sightseeing around the rest of central London. Despite being near the Tower, I don't anticipate the church itself to get very crowded.
As the oldest English-speaking university in the world and established shortly after the Norman conquest, I was ecstatic to be able to explore Oxford on a day trip from London. Oxford was a bucket list item for me because of its rich history in academia as well as in English history.
I spend the entire day exploring the campus and the surrounding town, although I did not have time to visit Oxford Castle and Prison. I saw the motte where the old castle was located beside and if I had paid for entry into the museum, it would have included the ability to walk around the castle mound as well. Next time I will be sure to visit the castle and prison myself, although there was plenty to do in the town itself.
York was one of top bucket list items during my whole trip. My favorite "Secrets of Great British Castle" episode features York Castle, and besides Hampton Court Palace, is one of the destinations I knew had to visit before I die. I highly recommend watching this episode before visiting, as it is extremely comprehensive and allows the viewer to better take in the historical sites of York. York is one of the most closely connected medieval towns with both a rich Roman history, Viking history, as well as a medieval one. It also features the Shambles, the best preserved medieval street dating to the 1400s! I had an enchanted time wandering the Shambles and walking around the York Walls. It was quite a rainy day when I traveled to York from London but it was still extremely pleasant to be able to walk along the walls and busy streets. I had tea and scones at a preserved medieval house that was delightful, and bought bread and cheese for lunch at a bakery and the market. For a medieval English history fan, York is almost like Disneyland with historical sites at every corner. Not only is York one of the most haunted towns in the UK, it also is home to the unique, clover shaped York Castle. It was an extremely memorable trip that I will never forget.
This house dates back to the 12th century and is a well preserved, Norman house in the heart of York. This was one of the pieces of architecture I was most excited to see in York, and was surprised to find it empty and in the back of an alleyway!
I walked around parts of the York Wall during my trip, and it was amazing to be able to look at all the details on pieces of it, including the white rose of the House of York!
The cathedral in York which also dates back to the early medieval period! This was the most beautiful church I visited while in the UK, just short of Westminster Abbey. It featured tons of Gothic architecture and flying buttresses classical of medieval architecture.
Dover became a shorter trip than I intended, although I did stumble upon one of my favorite ruins to date! I hiked the Cliffs of Dover, which were incredibly beautiful and sunny and was able to take in the sight of Dover Castle on the hill. Dover Castle has a vast history beginning in the Norman era and reaching all the way to the second World War!
For anyone traveling to the Cliffs of Dover I would recommend taking the train as parking was fairly limited from what I saw. The town of Dover is on the smaller side but there was still plenty to see as the castle likely takes the whole day to explore.
This was the final bucket list item for my trip, and made sure that I ended on a memorable note! Visiting Hampton Court Palace has been my dream since I was a child. It is one of, if not the most iconic pieces of architecture associated with the Tudor era, is my favorite era post medieval to study, and has some of the most intricate hidden architectural easter eggs due to its rich history. I made sure to see the Great Hall, where Henry VIII would have eaten and the prayer room, which featured the borrowed Book of Hours belonging to Anne Boleyn. I was also able to see traces of Katherine of Aragon in the pomegranate symbolism as well as many Tudor roses. The garden area was beautiful to walk around in and quite extensive and I found out that the deer that exist on site are descended from the same heard that Henry VIII hunted! The experience was incredibly intimate and memorable as I went early in the morning and had the opportunity to wander the hallways by myself, giving me the chance to really take in the sights.
To anyone visiting Hampton Court Palace I would highly recommend arriving when they open to the public. It got very crowded after 12 PM and it made it harder to fully explore.
Visiting Hampton Court Palace was just as jaw dropping as I had hoped. Seeing hundreds of years of history in the palace designs from the Tudors to the Georgian period was amazing, especially to someone who considers themselves to be a historian. After reading so many books about the Tudors and Tudor life, being able to walk through the palace by myself and take in the sights and designs was extremely eye opening. It lived up to every expectation I had and I feel so lucky that I got to visit one of my dream destinations.
I could not stop pinching myself because I could barely believe I was actually viewing one of Henry VIII's palaces with my own eyes. It was a sobering experience, knowing the history of his wives and their outcomes, particularly after visiting the Tower of London, but knowing the complex Tudor history really made the experience worthwhile for me. At some points it even became difficult for me to comprehend where I was, as it felt almost unbelievable to finally be viewing something so historically significant.